Impact of preoperative diaphragmatic breathing exercise on postoperative oxygenation and hospital length of stay in patients with elective coronary artery bypass graft: A narrative review

Abstract

Background: Patients undergoing heart surgery experienced postoperative pulmonary problems which can result in increased hospital stay. This literature analysis aims to ascertain whether breathing exercise training before surgery improves postoperative outcomes for patients having heart surgery.

Methodology: Cochrane Clinical Answers and Cochrane Database are all extensively searched. Studies that looked at adult patients censured for elective procedures are considered. Heart surgery patients participated in a preoperative breathing exercise program designed to enhance their breathing abilities, avoid pulmonary issues after surgery, and shorten their hospital stay. 

Results: For heart surgery patients, a preoperative breathing intervention may assist shorten hospital stays. And with intervention preoperative breathing exercises can reduce this to 5 to 7 days, potentially shortening hospital stays by 2 to 3 days., minimize postoperative pulmonary problems without intervention postoperative pulmonary complications can affect 15-30% of patients, with reductions of 20-30% while with intervention the decline in FEV1 and FVC can be minimized to 10-15%, indicating better preservation of lung function following surgery. 

Conclusions: Patients who received preoperative diaphragmatic breathing exercises considerably improved respiratory function and reduced length of hospital stay, which are more effective in (CABG) surgery.